The Meaning of Addiction - 1. The Concept of Addiction - The Meaning of Addiction - References

Written by Stanton Peele

References

American Psychiatric Association. 1980. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Apsler, R. 1978. Untangling the conceptual jungle of "drug abuse." Contemporary Drug Problems 7:55-80.

Barnett, M.L. 1955. Alcoholism in the Cantonese of New York City: An anthropological study. In Etiology of chronic alcoholism, ed. O. Diethelm. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.

Beauchamp, D.E. 1980. Beyond alcoholism: Alcoholism and public health policy. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.

Becker, H.S. 1953. Becoming a marijuana user. American Journal of Sociology 59:235-242.

Berridge, V., and Edwards, G. 1981. Opium and the people: Opiate use in nineteenth-century England. New York: St. Martin's.

Blum, R.H., and associates. 1969. Drugs I: Society and drugs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Blum, R.H., and Blum, E.M. 1969. A cultural case study. In Drugs I: Drugs and society, eds. R.H. Blum et al. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Brecher, E.M. 1972. Licit and illicit drugs. Mount Vernon, NY: Consumers Union.

Cahalan, D., and Room, R. 1974. Problem drinking among American men. Monograph 7. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies.

Califano, J.E. 1983. The 1982 report on drug abuse and alcoholism. New York: Warner.

Cameron, D.C. 1971a. Abuse of alcohol and drugs: Concepts and planning. World Health Organization Chronicle 25:8-16.

---------. 1971b. Facts about drugs. World Health (April): 4-11.

Chein, I.; Gerard, D.L.; Lee, R.S.; and Rosenfeld, E. 1964. The road to H. New York: Basic Books.

Clark, W.B. 1982. Public drinking contexts: Bars and taverns. In Social drinking contexts, eds. T.C. Harford and L.S. Gaines. Research Monograph 7. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

Clausen, J.A. 1961. Drug addiction. In Contemporary social problems, eds. R.K. Merton and R.A. Nisbet. New York: Harcourt.

Cocaine: middle class high. 1981. Time (July 6): 56-63.

Cohen, S. 1983. Current attitudes about the benzodiazepines: Trial by media. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 15:109-113.

Courtwright, D.T. 1982. Dark paradise: Opiate addiction in America before 1940. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Eddy, N.B.; Halbach, H.; Isbell, H.; and Seevers, M.H. 1965. Drug dependence: Its significance and characteristics. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 32:721-733.

Eddy, N.B., and May, E.L. 1973. The search for a better analgesic. Science 181:407-414.

Engle, K.B., and Williams, T.K. 1972. Effect of an ounce of vodka on alcoholics' desire for alcohol. Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 33:1099-1105.

Falk, J.L. 1983. Drug dependence: Myth or motive? Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 19:385-391.

Falk, J.L.; Dews, P.B.; and Schuster, C.R. 1983. Commonalities in the environmental control of behavior. In Commonalities in substance abuse and habitual behavior, eds. P.K. Levison, D.R. Gerstein, and D.R. Maloff. Lexington, MA: Lexington.

Fisher, E.B., Jr.; Levenkron, J.C.; Lowe, M.R.; Loro, A.D., Jr.; and Green, L. 1982. Self-initiated self-control in risk reduction. In Adherence, compliance and generalization in behavioral medicine, ed. R.B. Stuart. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Foucault, M. 1973. Madness and civilization: A history of insanity in the age of reason. New York: Random House.

Gay, G.R.; Senay, E.C.; and Newmeyer, J.A. 1973. The pseudo-junkie: Evolution of the heroin lifestyle in the nonaddicted individual. Drug Forum 2:279-290.

Gilbert, R.M. 1981. Drug abuse as excessive behavior. In Classic contributions in the addictions, eds. H. Shaffer and M.E. Burglass. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Glaser, E.B. 1974. Psychologic vs. pharmacologic heroin dependence. New England Journal of Medicine 290:231.

Glassner, B. and Berg, B. 1980. How Jews avoid alcohol problems. American Sociological Review 45:647-664.

Goldstein, A. 1976b. Opioid peptides (endorphins) in pituitary and brain. Science 193:1081-1086.

Goldstein, A.; Kaizer, S.; and Whitby, O. 1969. Psychotropic effects of caffeine in man IV: Quantitative and qualitative differences associated with habituation to coffee. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 10:489-497.

Goodwin, D.W. 1976. Is alcoholism hereditary? New York: Oxford University Press.

Gordon, B. 1979. I'm dancing as fast as I can. New York: Harper & Row.

Harding, W.M.; Zinberg, N.E.; Stelmack, S.M.; and Barry, M. 1980. Formerly-addicted-now-controlled opiate users. International Journal of the Addictions 15:47-60.

Heather, N.; Rollnick, S.; and Winton, M. 1983. A comparison of objective and subjective measures of alcohol dependence as predictors of relapse following treatment. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 22:11-17.

Hooper, H.E., and Santo, Y. 1980. Use of propoxyohene (Darvon) by adolescents admitted to drug abuse programs. Contemporary Drug Problems 9:357-368.

Isbell, H. 1958. Clinical research on addiction in the United States. In Narcotic drug addiction problems, ed. R.B. Livingston. Bethesda, MD: Public Health Service.

Jaffe, J.H. 1980. Drug addiction and drug abuse. In Goodman and Gilman's The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, eds. A.G. Gilman, L.S. Goodman, and B.A. Gilman. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan.

Jaffe, J.H., and Harris, T.G. 1973. As far as heroin is concerned, the worst is over. Psychology Today (August): 68-79, 85.

Jarvik, M.E. 1973. Further observations on nicotine as the reinforcing agent in smoking. In Smoking behavior: Motives and incentives, ed. W.L. Dunn, Jr. Washington, DC: Winston.

Jarvik, M.E.; Glick, S.D.; and Nakamura, R.K. 1970. Inhibition of cigarette smoking by orally administered nicotine. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 11:574-576.

Jessor, R., and Jessor, S.L. 1977. Problem behavior and psychosocial development: A longitudinal study of youth. New York: Academic.

Johanson, C.E., and Uhlenhuth, E.H. 1981. Drug preference and mood in humans: Repeated assessment of d-amphetamine. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 14:159-163.

Jones, H.B., and Jones, H.C. 1977. Sensual drugs. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Kalant, H. 1982. Drug research is muddied by sundry dependence concepts. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association, Montreal, June (cited in Journal, Addiction Research Foundation [September 1982]: 121).

Kales, A., Bixler, E.O., Tjiauw-Ling, T.; Scharf, M.B.; and Kales, J.D. 1974. Chronic hypnotic-drug use: Ineffectiveness, drug-withdrawal insomnia, and dependence. Journal of the American Medical Association 227:513 517.

Kandel, D.B. 1978. Homophily, selection, and socialization in adolescent friendships. American Journal of Sociology 84:427-436.

Keller, M. 1969. Some views on the nature of addiction. First E.M. Jellinek Memorial Lecture presented at 15th International Institute on the Prevention and Treatment of Alcoholism, Budapest, Hungry, June (Available from Publications Division, Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies, New Brunswick, NJ).

Kendell, R.E. 1979. Alcoholism: A medical or a political problem? British Medical Journal 1:367-371.

King, R. 1972. The drug hang-up New York: Norton.

Kissin, B.; Lowinson, J.H.; and Millman, R.B. 1978. Recent developments in chemotherapy of narcotic addiction. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.

Kolb, L. 1958. Factors that have influenced the management and treatment of drug addicts. In Narcotic drug addiction problems, ed. R.B. Livingston. Bethesda, MD: Public Health Service.

---------. 1962. Drug addiction: A medical problem. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.

Krasnegor, N.A., ed. 1979. Cigarette smoking as a dependence process. Research Monograph 23. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Lang, A.R. 1983. Addictive personality: A viable construct? In Commonalities in substance abuse and habitual behavior, eds. P.K. Levison, D.R. Gerstein, and D.R. Maloff. Lexington, MA: Lexington.

Lasagna, L.; Mosteller, E; von Felsinger, J.M.; and Beecher, H.K. 1954. A study of the placebo response. American Journal of Medicine 16:770-779.

Lear, M.W. 1974. All the warnings, gone up in smoke. New York Times Magazine (March 10): 18-19; 86-91.

LeFlore, R., and Hawkins, J. 1978. Stealing was my speciality. Sports Illustrated (February 6): 62-74.

Lender, M.E., and Martin, J.K. 1982. Drinking in America: A history. New York: Free Press.

Lennard, H.L.; Epstein, L.J.; Bernstein, A.; and Ransom, D. 1971. Mystification and drug misuse. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Leventhal, H. 1980. Toward a comprehensive theory of emotion. In Advances in experimental social psychology, ed. L. Berkowitz. vol. 13. New York: Academic.

Levine, H.G. 1978. The discovery of addiction: Changing conceptions of habitual drunkenness in America. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 39:143-174.

Lewis, A. 1969. Introduction: Definitions and perspectives. In Scientific basis of drug dependence, ed. H. Steinberg. London: Churchill.

Liebowitz, M.R. 1983. The chemistry of love. Boston: Little-Brown.

Light, A.B., and Torrance, E.G. 1929. Opiate addiction VI: The effects of abrupt withdrawal followed by readministration of morphine in human addicts, with special reference to the composition of the blood, the circulation and the metabolism. Archives of Internal Medicine 44:1-16.

Lindesmith, A.R. 1968. Addiction and opiates. Chicago: Aldine.

Lukoff, I.E, and Brook, J.S. 1974. A sociocultural exploration of reported heroin use. In Sociological aspects of drug dependence, ed. C. Winick. Cleveland: CRC Press.

MacAndrew, C., and Edgerton, R.B. 1969. Drunken comportment: A social explanation. Chicago: Aldine.

Maddux, J.E, and Desmond, D.P. 1981. Careers of opioid users. New York: Praeger.

Many addicts have family alcoholism history. 1983. Journal, Addiction Research Foundation (November): 3.

Marlatt, G.A. 1982. Relapse prevention: A self-control program for the treatment of addictive behaviors. In Adherence, compliance and generalization in behavioral medicine, ed. R.B. Stuart. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Marlatt, G.A.; Demming, B.; and Reid, J.B. 1973. Loss of control drinking in alcoholics: An experimental analogue. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 81:223-241.

Marlatt, G.A., and Rohsenow, D.J. 1980. Cognitive processes in alcohol use: Expectancy and the balanced placebo design. In Advances in substance abuse, ed. N.K. Mello. vol. 1. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Mayer, W. 1983. Alcohol abuse and alcoholism: The psychologist's role in prevention, research, and treatment. American Psychologist 38:1116-1121.

Miller, W.R., and Saucedo, C.E. 1983. Neuropsychological impairment and brain damage in problem drinkers: A critical review. In Behavioral effects of neurological disorders, eds. C.J. Golden et al. New York: Grune & Stratton.

Morgan, W.P. 1979. Negative addiction in runners. Physician and Sportsmedicine 7(2):55-70.

Musto, D.E. 1973. The American disease: Origins of narcotic control New Haven: Yale University Press.

Nurco, D.N.; Cisin, I.H.; and Balter, M.B. 1981. Addict careers III: Trends across time. International Journal of the Addictions 16:1353-1372.

Oates, W. 1971. Confessions of a workaholic. New York: World.

O'Donnell, J.A. 1969. Narcotic addicts in Kentucky. Chevy Chase, MD: National Institute of Mental Health.

O'Donnell, J.A.; Voss, H.; Clayton R.; Slatin, G.; and Room, R. 1976. Young men and drugs: A nationwide survey. Research Monograph 5. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Oki, G. 1974. Alcohol use by Skid Row alcoholics I: Drinking at Bon Accord. Substudy 612. Toronto: Addiction Research Foundation.

Peele, S. 1977. Redefining addiction I: Making addiction a scientifically and socially useful concept. International Journal of Health Services 7:103-124.

---------. 1978. Addiction: The analgesic experience. Human Nature (September): 61-67.

---------. 1981b. Reductionism in the psychology of the eighties: Can biochemistry eliminate addiction, mental illness, and pain? American Psychologist 36:807-818.

---------. 1983a. Behavior therapy, the hardest way: Natural remission in alcoholism and controlled drinking. Discussant's remarks on the Panel of Controlled Drinking, 4th World Congress on Behavior Therapy, Washington, DC, December.

---------. 1983c. Is alcoholism different from other substance abuse? American Psychologist 38:963-964.

---------. 1983e. The science of experience: A direction for psychology. Lexington, MA: Lexington.

---------. 1985. Out of the habit trap. In Coping and stress, eds. A. Monat and R.S. Lazarus. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia Unviersity. [Originally published in American Health (September/October): 42-47.]

Peele, S., with Brodsky, A. 1975. Love and addiction. New York: Taplinger, 1975.

Primm, B.J. 1977. Pseudoheroinism. In Drug abuse: Clinical and basic aspects, eds. S. N. Pradhan and S.N. Dutta. St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby.

Robins, L.N. 1980. The natural history of drug abuse. In Theories on drug abuse: Selected contemporary perspectives, eds. D.J. Lettieri, M. Sayers, and H.W. Pearson. Research Monograph 30. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Robins, L.N.; Davis, D.H.; and Goodwin, D.W. 1974. Drug use by U.S. army enlisted men in Vietnam: A follow-up on their return home. American Journal of Epidemiology 99:235-249.

Robins, L.N.; Helzer, J.E.; and Davis, D.H. 1975. Narcotic use in Southeast Asia and afterward. Archives of General Psychiatry 32:955-961.

Robins, L.N.; Helzer, J.E.; Hesselbrock, M.; and Wish, E. 1980. Vietnam veterans three years after Vietnam: How our study changed our view of heroin. In The yearbook of substance use and abuse, eds. L. Brill and C. Winick. vol. 2. New York: Human Sciences Press.

Robins, L.N., and Murphy, G.E. 1967. Drug use in a normal population of young Negro men. American Journal of Public Health 57:1580-1596.

Rollnick, S., and Heather, N. 1982. The application of Bandura's self-efficacy theory to abstinence-oriented alcoholism treatment. Addictive Behaviors 7:243-250.

Sanchez-Craig M. 1983. The role of the drinker in determining how much is too much: In search of nonobjective indices. Paper presented at International Alcohol Research Seminar, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Washington, DC, October.

Schachter, S. 1978. Pharmacological and psychological determinants of smoking. Annals of Internal Medicine 88:104-114.

---------. 1982. Recidivism and self-cure of smoking and obesity. American Psychologist 37:436-444.

Schachter, S., and Rodin, J. 1974. Obese humans and rats. Washington, DC: Erlbaum.

Schachter, S., and Singer, J.E. 1962. Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psychological Review 69:379-399.

Schuckit, M.A. 1984. Prospective markers for alcoholism. In Longitudinal research in alcoholism, eds. D.W. Goodwin, K.T. van Dusen, and S.A. Mednick. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff.

Skinner, H.A.; Holt, S.; Allen, B.A.; and Haakonson, N.H. 1980. Correlation between medical and behavioral data in the assessment of alcoholism. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 4:371-377.

Slater, P. 1980. Wealth addiction. New York: Dutton.

Smith, D. 1981. The benzodiazepines and alcohol. Paper presented at Third World Congress of Biological Psychiatry, Stockholm, July.

Smith, D.E., and Wesson, D.R. 1983. Benzodiazepine dependency syndromes. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 15:85-95.

Solomon, E; White, C.C.; Parron, D.L.; and Mendelson, W.B. 1979. Sleeping pills, insomnia and medical practice. New England Journal of Medicine 300:803-808.

Solomon, R. 1977. The evolution of non-medical opiate use in Canada II: 1930-1970. Drug Forum 6:1-25.

Sonnedecker, G. 1958. Emergence and concept of the addiction problem. In Narcotic drug addiction problems, ed. R.B. Livingston. Bethesda, MD: Public Health Service.

Spotts, J.V., and Shontz, E.C. 1982. Ego development, dragon fights, and chronic drug abusers. International Journal of the Addictions 17:945-976.

Stunkard, A.J. 1958. The results of treatment for obesity. New York State Journal of Medicine 58:7947.

Szasz, T.S. 1961. The myth of mental illness. New York: Hoeber-Harper.

Tang, M.; Brown, C.; and Falk, J. 1982. Complete reversal of chronic ethanol polydipsia by schedule withdrawal. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 16:155-158.

Tarter, R.E.; Goldstein, G.; Alterman, A.; Petrarulo, E.W.; and Elmore, S. 1983. A1coholic seizures: Intellectual and neuropsychological sequelae. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 171:123-125.

Tennov, D. 1979. Love and limerence. New York: Stein and Day.

Trebach, A.S. 1982. The heroin solution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Vaillant, G.E. 1983. The natural history of alcoholism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Van Dyke, C., and Byck, R. 1982. Cocaine. Scientific American (March): 128-141.

Waldorf, D. 1973. Careers in dope. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

---------. 1983. Natural recovery from opiate addiction: Some social-psychological processes of untreated recovery. Journal of Drug Issues 13:237-280.

Washton, A. 1983. Diagnostic and treatment strategies. Paper presented at Cocaine Update Conference, New York, December.

Weisz, D.J., and Thompson, R.E. 1983. Endogenous opioids: Brain-behavior relations. In Commonalities in substance abuse and habitual behavior, eds. P.K. Levison, D.R. Gerstein, and D.R. Maloff. Lexington, MA: Lexington.

Wilson, G.T. 1981. The effect of alcohol on human sexual behavior. In Advances in substance abuse, ed. N.K. Mello. vol. 2. Greenwich, CT.

Winick, C. 1961. Physician narcotic addicts. Social Problems 9:174-186.

---------. 1962. Maturing out of narcotic addiction. Bulletin on Narcotics 14:1-7.

Wishnie, H. 1977. The impulsive personality. New York: Plenum.

World Health Organization Expert Committee on Mental Health. 1957. Addiction producing drugs: 7th report of the WHO Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series 116. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Wray, I., and Dickerson, M.G. 1981. Cessation of high frequency gambling and "withdrawal" symptoms. British Journal of Addiction 76:401-405.

Zinberg, N.E. 1972. Heroin use in Vietnam and the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry 26:486-488.

---------. 1974. The search for rational approaches to heroin use. In Addiction, ed. P.G. Bourne. New York: Academic Press.

---------. 1984. Drug, set, and setting: The basis for controlled intoxicant use. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Zinberg, N.E., and Fraser, K.M. 1979. The role of the social setting in the prevention and treatment of alcoholism. In The diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism, eds. J.H. Mendelson and N.K. Mello. New York : McGraw-Hill.

Zinberg, N.E., and Harding, W.M., eds. 1982. Control over intoxicant use: Pharmacological, psychological, and social considerations. New York: Human Sciences Press.

Zinberg, N.E.; Harding, W.M.; and Apsler, R. 1978. What is drug abuse? Journal of Drug Issues 8:9-35.

Zinberg, N.E., and Jacobson, R.C. 1976. The natural history of chipping. American Journal of Psychiatry 133:37-40.

Zinberg, N.E., and Lewis, D.C. 1964. Narcotic usage I: A spectrum of a difficult medical problem. New England Journal of Medicine 270:989-993.

next: The Meaning of Addiction - 3. Theories of Addiction
~ addictions library articles
~ all addictions articles